Industrial grade potassium hydroxide details

Potassium hydroxide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula KOH. It is a common inorganic base with strong alkalinity. The pH of a 0.1mol/L solution is 13.5, soluble in water and ethanol, and slightly soluble in ether. It is easily absorbed by moisture in the air and deliquests, absorbing carbon dioxide to form potassium carbonate. It is mainly used as a raw material for the production of potassium salts and can also be used in electroplating, printing and dyeing, etc.
physical property
Density: 1.450g/cm3 (20 ℃)
Melting point: 361 ℃
Boiling point: 1320 ℃
Refractive index: 1.421 (20 ℃)
Saturated vapor pressure: 0.13kPa (719 ℃)
Appearance: White crystalline powder
Solubility: soluble in water and ethanol, slightly soluble in ether
chemical property
1. Chromogenic reaction
Can turn litmus test solution blue and phenolphthalein test solution red.
2. React with acid
React with hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and hydrogen sulfide.
3. React with acidic oxides
4. Reacting with Amphoteric Metals
5. Reacting with zwitterionic oxides
6. React with amphoteric hydroxides
7. Undergoes double decomposition reaction with salt solution
8. Reactions with certain elemental substances
9. Stability
Stable at room temperature, decomposes into potassium oxide at high temperature
10. Participate in organic reactions
toxicology data
1. Acute toxicity
LD50: 273mg/kg (rat oral)
2. Irritability
Rabbit transdermal: 50mg (24h), severe irritation.
Rabbit eye: 1mg (24h), moderately irritating (rinse with water).
3. Ecotoxicity
TLm: 80ppm (24h) (mosquito fish)
application area
1. Used for electroplating, carving, lithography, etc.
2. Used as raw materials for potassium salt production, such as potassium permanganate, potassium carbonate, etc.
3. In the pharmaceutical industry, it is used to produce potassium borohydride, spironolactone, salbutamol, testosterone propionate, progesterone, vanillin, etc.
4. Used in the production of potassium soap, alkaline batteries, cosmetics (such as cold cream, snow cream, and shampoo) in light industry.
5. In the dye industry, it is used to produce vat dyes such as vat blue RSN.
6. Used as an analytical reagent, saponification reagent, absorbent for carbon dioxide and water.
7. In the textile industry, it is used for printing, dyeing, bleaching, and mercerization, and is widely used as the main raw material for manufacturing artificial fibers and polyester fibers. It is also used for manufacturing melamine dyes.
8. It is also used in metallurgical heating agents and leather degreasing.
Content analysis
Accurately weigh about 1.5g of the sample, dissolve it in 40mL of newly boiled and cooled water, cool to 15 ℃, add a few drops of phenolphthalein test solution (TS-167), and titrate with 1 mol/L sulfuric acid. When the pink color disappears, record the amount of acid consumed, add a few drops of methyl orange test solution (TS-148), and continue titrating until a persistent pink color appears. Record the total volume of acid required for titration. Every 1 mol/L of sulfuric acid is equivalent to a total alkalinity (calculated as KOH) of 56.11 mg.
First aid measures
Skin contact: Immediately remove contaminated clothing and rinse with plenty of flowing water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention.
Eye contact: Immediately lift the eyelids and thoroughly rinse with plenty of flowing water or physiological saline for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention.
Inhalation: Quickly remove from the scene to a place with fresh air. Maintain airway patency. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. If breathing stops, immediately perform artificial respiration. Seek medical attention.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water and drink milk or egg white. Seek medical attention.
Fire extinguishing method: Use water and sand to extinguish the fire, but it is necessary to prevent items from splashing with water and causing burns.
Leakage emergency response
Isolate the contaminated area and restrict entry and exit. It is recommended that emergency personnel wear dust masks (full face masks) and acid and alkali resistant work clothes. Do not come into direct contact with leaks.
Minor leakage: Collect with a clean shovel in a dry, clean, and covered container. It is also possible to rinse with a large amount of water, dilute the washing water and put it into the wastewater system.
Large amount of leakage: collected and recycled or transported to waste disposal sites for disposal.
Packaging, storage and transportation
Packaging method: Solids can be tightly sealed in 0.5mm thick steel drums, with a net weight of no more than 100 kilograms per drum; Plastic bags or two-layer kraft paper bags with full or medium opening steel drums on the outside; Screw mouth glass bottles, iron cap pressure mouth glass bottles, plastic bottles or ordinary wooden boxes outside metal barrels (cans); Screw mouth glass bottles, plastic bottles, or tin plated thin steel drums (cans) filled with bottom plate lattice boxes, fiberboard boxes, or plywood boxes; Tin plated thin steel drums (cans), metal drums (cans), plastic bottles or corrugated cardboard boxes with metal hoses.
Storage precautions: Store in a cool, dry, and well ventilated warehouse. Stay away from sparks and heat sources. The humidity inside the warehouse should not exceed 85% as much as possible. The packaging must be sealed and not damp. It should be stored separately from flammable materials, acids, etc., and should not be stored together. The storage area should be equipped with appropriate materials to contain leaked materials.
Transportation precautions: During railway transportation, steel drum packaging can be transported by open trucks. The packaging should be complete during transportation and the loading should be secure. During transportation, it is necessary to ensure that the container does not leak, collapse, fall, or be damaged. It is strictly prohibited to mix and transport flammable or combustible materials, acids, edible chemicals, etc. Transport vehicles should be equipped with leak emergency response equipment during transportation.